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2022 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey
Eighth Edition

Zambia
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Reference ID
ZMB-ZSA-LCMS-2022-V1.0
Producer(s)
Zambia Statistics Agency
Metadata
Documentation in PDF DDI/XML JSON
Created on
Aug 16, 2025
Last modified
Feb 26, 2026
Page views
17280
Downloads
286
  • Study Description
  • Data Dictionary
  • Downloads
  • Get Microdata
  • Identification
  • Version
  • Scope
  • Coverage
  • Producers and sponsors
  • Sampling
  • Survey instrument
  • Data collection
  • Data processing
  • Distributor information
  • Data Access
  • Disclaimer and copyrights
  • Metadata production
  • Identification

    Survey ID number

    ZMB-ZSA-LCMS-2022-V1.0

    Title

    2022 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey

    Subtitle

    Eighth Edition

    Country
    Name Country code
    Zambia ZMB
    Study type

    Living Standards Measurement Study [hh/lsms]

    Abstract

    The 2022 LCMS was designed to provide reliable estimates at national, rural/urban and province levels. Survey estimates were also disaggregated by age, sex and socio-economic strata. The survey collected information on the following areas of population wellbeing: general living conditions (including household size, composition and relationships; household incomes and expenditures; food production, food security and coping strategies), economic activity and employment status of household members, education level of household members, health status of household members (including child nutrition; incidence of ill health and injury; household deaths and cause of death), housing conditions (including type of housing; access to water and sanitation; and access to electricity), as well as access to community level socioeconomic facilities such as health facilities, schools, banks, transport and household food consumption and security.

    Unit of Analysis

    The Unit of analysis is at individual and household level

    Version

    Version Description

    V1.0

    Scope

    Topics
    Topic
    Education
    Household welfare
    Economic Activity
    Agricultural production
    Mortality
    Keywords
    Poverty Inccome Consumption expienditure Child nutrition

    Coverage

    Geographic Coverage

    The Study had a National, Rural/Urban, Provincal coverage.

    Universe

    All households

    Producers and sponsors

    Primary investigators
    Name Affiliation
    Zambia Statistics Agency Ministry of Finance and National Planning
    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    Zambia Statistics Agency Ministry of Finance and National Planning Survey Implementors
    Funding Agency/Sponsor
    Name Role
    Ministry of Finance and National Planning Funder
    United Nations Development Programme Funder
    United Nations Childrens Fund Funder
    Swedish International Devepment Cooperation Agency Funder

    Sampling

    Sampling Procedure

    Two stage stage cluster sampling. The 2022 LCMS was a cross-sectional survey designed to cover a representative sample of at least 8,400 non-institutionalized private households residing in both rural and urban parts of the country. A total of 420 Enumeration Areas (EAs) were drawn from a total of 25,600 EAs nationwide. The survey was designed to produce reliable estimates at national, rural/urban and provincial levels.

    Weighting

    Household-level weights.

    Survey instrument

    Methodology notes

    The 2022 LCMS data was electronically collected using the Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) technique. Using tablets loaded with the World Bank developed Survey Solutions software, data collected from the field was transmitted to the CAPI command Centre created in all the provincial headquarters. If accepted, the same information was then sent to the HQ command Centre for further scrutiny in terms of completeness and accuracy. However, incomplete questionnaires were sent back to the field staff for verification and subsequent correction. Once that was done, it was re-transmitted to HQ to be part of the verified dataset.

    Data collection

    Time Method

    Every two years

    Mode of data collection
    • Face-to-face CAPI interviews

    Data processing

    Data Editing

    After data collection, the data were subjected to extensive checks on their validity and consistency in order to facilitate analysis using statistical software. A master version of the files was maintained in Stata and SPSS formats.

    Distributor information

    Distributor
    Organization name Affiliation URL
    Zambia Statistics Agency Ministry of Finance and National Planning https://www.zamstats.gov.zm

    Data Access

    Confidentiality
    Confidentiality declaration text
    The Agency shall,where statistics are designated as official statistics, protect the confidentiality and identity of the source of data. Under the provision of the Statistics ACT no.13 of 2018, ZamStats is obliged to preserve the confidentiality of respondent information in all its census and survey data Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree: 1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the Agency. 2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified on public use data files. 3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately brought to the attention of the Agency
    Access conditions

    Micro data records are anonymized as per procedures before these are made available to users.
    Micro data files are all free but under access policy conditions:
    Each dataset has an access policy: Public use file - accessible to all and Licensed datasets - accessible under conditions.

    The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset. It is accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:

    1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of the Zambia Statistics Agency
    2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
    3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently.

    Disclaimer and copyrights

    Disclaimer

    ZamStats will not bear any responsibility for the erroneous use of its data by researchers. Users should report inconsistencies in the data (both micro and aggregated) to ZamStats as soon as possible.

    The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such use

    Metadata production

    DDI Document ID

    ZMB-ZSA-LCMS-2022-V1.0

    Producers
    Name Affiliation Role
    Zambia Statistics Agency Ministry of Finance and National Planning Survey Implementors
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